We have written extensively about remote baseband vulnerability research in the past, examining various vendors’ baseband OS micro-architectures and exploring their implementations for remotely exploitable bugs. So have many others. One might say, our research exists in the context in which it lives and what came before it: whether it be about finding (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) or exploiting (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14) vulnerabilities. However, one area that has been absent from prior art was a direct examination of lower layers of Radio Layer protocols for security vulnerabilities.